independentparticipialrelativecausecontentconditionalphrase modifierdashed = verbless / suspended
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Lawsuits before the unrighteous — brother suing brother 6:1–8
vv. 1–6 — the indictment: saints before pagan courts
1
Τολμᾷ τις ὑμῶνindependent — asyndeton — the fronted verb: the audacity itself is the charge
πρᾶγμα ἔχων πρὸς τὸν ἕτερονparticipial — temporal/conditional — πρᾶγμα the legal 'case'
κρίνεσθαι ἐπὶ τῶν ἀδίκων,content — complementary infinitive — ἐπί + gen. forensic, 'in the court of'
καὶ οὐχὶ ἐπὶ τῶν ἁγίων;phrase modifier — the pointed alternative — the judges named by moral standing, not office
2
ἢ οὐκ οἴδατεindependent — the first of the chapter's six 'do you not know' rebukes
ὅτι οἱ ἅγιοι τὸν κόσμον κρινοῦσιν;content — the eschatological premise (cf. Dan 7:22)
καὶ εἰ ἐν ὑμῖν κρίνεται ὁ κόσμος,conditional — protasis — leans on the question below; futuristic present
ἀνάξιοί ἐστε κριτηρίων ἐλαχίστων;independent — apodosis — fit to judge the world, unfit for trifles?
3
οὐκ οἴδατεindependent — the refrain repeated
ὅτι ἀγγέλους κρινοῦμεν,content — ἀγγέλους fronted — the astonishing scope; Paul now includes himself
μήτι γε βιωτικά;independent — a fortiori — elliptical, supply 'shall we judge'
4
βιωτικὰ μὲν οὖν κριτήρια ἐὰν ἔχητε,conditional — protasis — leans on the question below
τοὺς ἐξουθενημένους ἐν τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ, τούτους καθίζετε;independent — apodosis — read as an incredulous question, not an imperative; τούτους resumptive
5
πρὸς ἐντροπὴν ὑμῖν λέγω.independent — the rhetorical aim named outright
οὕτως οὐκ ἔνι ἐν ὑμῖν οὐδεὶς σοφὸςindependent — οὕτως of astonished disbelief; piled negatives cut at Corinthian 'wisdom'
ὃς δυνήσεται διακρῖναι ἀνὰ μέσον τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ αὐτοῦ;relative — ἀνὰ μέσον a LXX idiom; the singular ἀδελφοῦ generic
6
ἀλλὰ ἀδελφὸς μετὰ ἀδελφοῦ κρίνεται,independent — the deplorable fact set against the ideal
καὶ τοῦτο ἐπὶ ἀπίστων;phrase modifier — καὶ τοῦτο 'and that too' — the climactic aggravation
vv. 7–8 — the verdict: already a total defeat
7
ἤδη μὲν οὖν ὅλως ἥττημα ὑμῖν ἐστινindependent — the deeper verdict — loss before any verdict is reached
ὅτι κρίματα ἔχετε μεθ' ἑαυτῶν.content — epexegetic ὅτι — what the defeat consists in
διὰ τί οὐχὶ μᾶλλον ἀδικεῖσθε;independent — the gospel alternative — tolerative passive (cf. Matt 5:39–40)
διὰ τί οὐχὶ μᾶλλον ἀποστερεῖσθε;independent — the question doubled — the financial side of the wrong
8
ἀλλὰ ὑμεῖς ἀδικεῖτε καὶ ἀποστερεῖτε,independent — the mirror of v. 7 — perpetrators, not patient sufferers
καὶ τοῦτο ἀδελφούς.phrase modifier — the aggravating addendum again — the victims are family
The unrighteous will not inherit — but such were some of you 6:9–11
vv. 9–10 — the warning: the vice catalogue
9
ἢ οὐκ οἴδατεindependent — the refrain widens the case — ἄδικοι picks up ἀδικεῖτε (v. 8)
ὅτι ἄδικοι θεοῦ βασιλείαν οὐ κληρονομήσουσιν;content — the kingdom an inheritance, not a wage
μὴ πλανᾶσθε·independent — the fixed warning formula — 'stop being misled'
οὔτε πόρνοι οὔτε εἰδωλολάτραι οὔτε μοιχοὶphrase modifier — the catalogue opens — πόρνοι frames the whole of vv. 12–20
οὔτε μαλακοὶ οὔτε ἀρσενοκοῖταιphrase modifier — ἀρσενοκοίτης coined from Lev 18:22; 20:13 LXX
10
οὔτε κλέπται οὔτε πλεονέκται, οὐ μέθυσοι, οὐ λοίδοροι, οὐχ ἅρπαγεςphrase modifier — οὔτε shifts to οὐ; ἅρπαγες last, recalling ἀποστερεῖτε (v. 8)
βασιλείαν θεοῦ κληρονομήσουσιν.phrase modifier — the verb returns from v. 9 to seal the catalogue from beneath
v. 11 — the reversal: washed, sanctified, justified
11
καὶ ταῦτά τινες ἦτε·independent — the contemptuous neuter ταῦτα; imperfect of the decisively ended past
ἀλλὰ ἀπελούσασθε,independent — the first ἀλλά — conversion-baptismal cleansing
ἀλλὰ ἡγιάσθητε,independent — the second — constituted the very ἅγιοι of vv. 1–2
ἀλλὰ ἐδικαιώθητεindependent — the third — the ἄδικοι declared δίκαιοι
ἐν τῷ ὀνόματι τοῦ κυρίου Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦphrase modifier — read with all three verbs, not the last only
καὶ ἐν τῷ πνεύματι τοῦ θεοῦ ἡμῶν.phrase modifier — the Spirit the agent — the saving work of Lord and Spirit together
The body for the Lord — flee immorality, glorify God 6:12–20
vv. 12–14 — the slogans checked: the body is for the Lord
12
Πάντα μοι ἔξεστιν,independent — Corinthian slogan, quoted — the claim of unrestricted liberty
ἀλλ' οὐ πάντα συμφέρει·independent — Paul's first check — the criterion of benefit
πάντα μοι ἔξεστιν,independent — the slogan repeated, to be checked again
ἀλλ' οὐκ ἐγὼ ἐξουσιασθήσομαι ὑπό τινος.independent — second check — the ἔξεστιν/ἐξουσιασθήσομαι wordplay: liberty must not enslave
13
τὰ βρώματα τῇ κοιλίᾳ,independent — second slogan, quoted — verbless; appetite as mere nature
καὶ ἡ κοιλία τοῖς βρώμασιν·independent — the slogan's converse limb
ὁ δὲ θεὸς καὶ ταύτην καὶ ταῦτα καταργήσει.independent — Paul's counter — stomach and foods belong to the passing age
τὸ δὲ σῶμα οὐ τῇ πορνείᾳ ἀλλὰ τῷ κυρίῳ,independent — Paul's own thesis, not slogan — datives of purpose; the body no disposable husk
καὶ ὁ κύριος τῷ σώματι·independent — the reciprocity — the Lord's own commitment to the body
14
ὁ δὲ θεὸς καὶ τὸν κύριον ἤγειρενindependent — the resurrection ground — the Lord's body the pattern
καὶ ἡμᾶς ἐξεγερεῖ διὰ τῆς δυνάμεως αὐτοῦ.independent — the same power, the same destiny — the body's future secured
vv. 15–17 — members of Christ, not of a prostitute
15
οὐκ οἴδατεindependent — the refrain turns to union with Christ
ὅτι τὰ σώματα ὑμῶν μέλη Χριστοῦ ἐστιν;content — each believer's body a limb of Christ's own (cf. ch. 12)
ἄρας οὖν τὰ μέλη τοῦ Χριστοῦ ποιήσω πόρνης μέλη;independent — deliberative subjunctive — the unthinkable posed; ἄρας kept with its verb
μὴ γένοιτο.independent — the recoil — Paul's strongest repudiation
16
ἢ οὐκ οἴδατεindependent — the refrain again
ὅτι ὁ κολλώμενος τῇ πόρνῃ ἓν σῶμά ἐστιν;content — κολλάω — the very verb of Gen 2:24 LXX
Ἔσονται γάρ, φησίν, οἱ δύο εἰς σάρκα μίαν.content — Gen 2:24 — quotation carried by the parenthetical φησίν; γάρ grounds the 'one body' claim
17
ὁ δὲ κολλώμενος τῷ κυρίῳ ἓν πνεῦμά ἐστιν.independent — the counter-union — the same verb, the deeper bond
vv. 18–20 — flee: temple, price, glory
18
φεύγετε τὴν πορνείαν.independent — the section's first imperative — present tense, constant flight
πᾶν ἁμάρτημα ὃ ἐὰν ποιήσῃ ἄνθρωπος ἐκτὸς τοῦ σώματός ἐστιν,independent — read as Paul's own maxim, not a further Corinthian slogan
ὁ δὲ πορνεύων εἰς τὸ ἴδιον σῶμα ἁμαρτάνει.independent — the one exception — εἰς 'against' the very body united to Christ
19
ἢ οὐκ οἴδατεindependent — the last and climactic 'do you not know'
ὅτι τὸ σῶμα ὑμῶν ναὸς τοῦ ἐν ὑμῖν ἁγίου πνεύματός ἐστιν,content — ναός the inner sanctuary — of the individual body what 3:16 says of the community
οὗ ἔχετε ἀπὸ θεοῦ,relative — the Spirit God's gift — divine ownership underscored
καὶ οὐκ ἐστὲ ἑαυτῶν;content — coordinate within the ὅτι — predicate genitive of possession
20
ἠγοράσθητε γὰρ τιμῆς·cause — γάρ — genitive of price; redemption purchase (cf. 7:23)
δοξάσατε δὴ τὸν θεὸν ἐν τῷ σώματι ὑμῶν.independent — the closing command — urgent δή; the body the arena of God's glory
Analysis. First Corinthians 6 reads as three panels of diatribe, and the flush-left purple carries almost the whole argument. In vv. 1–8 the main lines are nearly all questions — the fronted Τολμᾷ like a slap, two of the chapter's six οὐκ-οἴδατε rebukes, the ironic 'do you seat the despised as judges?', the shaming 'not one wise man?', and the doubled διὰ τί οὐχὶ μᾶλλον — with the two conditional protases (vv. 2, 4) the only forward-leaning lines, and the ugly ἀλλά-reality (vv. 6, 8) set flush against the ideal. In vv. 9–11 the single prohibition μὴ πλανᾶσθε carries the vice catalogue as a suspended verbless column, the resuming verb βασιλείαν θεοῦ κληρονομήσουσιν sealing the column from beneath, before the triple flush-left ἀλλά (washed, sanctified, justified) reverses the indictment. In vv. 12–20 the layout must decide line by line which words are Corinth's and which are Paul's, and it does: Πάντα μοι ἔξεστιν (twice, v. 12) and τὰ βρώματα τῇ κοιλίᾳ with its converse (v. 13a–b) are taken as quoted Corinthian slogans — set flush-left as independent lines and tagged as slogans, with Paul's ἀλλ᾽/δέ counters flush-left immediately beneath in question-and-answer diatribe style (the Romans 3 pattern), rather than indenting either member under the other — while τὸ δὲ σῶμα οὐ τῇ πορνείᾳ ἀλλὰ τῷ κυρίῳ is read as Paul's own thesis, and the maxim of v. 18b (πᾶν ἁμάρτημα … ἐκτὸς τοῦ σώματός ἐστιν) is read as Paul's own generalization rather than a further slogan, standing unquoted with ὁ δὲ πορνεύων as its one exception, not its refutation. The Gen 2:24 citation hangs as a single content line beneath the 'one body' claim it warrants, its φησίν parenthetical within the quoted line itself; ὁ δὲ κολλώμενος τῷ κυρίῳ answers it at the margin; and the chapter closes with the climactic οὐκ οἴδατε — temple, Spirit had from God, 'you are not your own' — grounded one step deeper in ἠγοράσθητε γὰρ τιμῆς and resolved in the single final imperative δοξάσατε δὴ τὸν θεόν.