independentparticipialrelativepurposecausecontentconditionalphrase modifierdashed = verbless / suspended
Flush-left = a main (independent) clause. Each dependent line begins directly beneath the word it attaches to in the line above — the anchor word is dotted-underlined, and lights up when you hover its dependent clause; each tag also names the attachment. A dashed border marks verbless, elliptical, or suspended lines. Where a long sentence's staircase runs wider than the page, the diagram scrolls sideways. (In print, or without JavaScript, lines fall back to stepped indent columns.)
The call to press on to maturity 6:1–3
1
Therefore, leaving behind the elementary word about Christ, let us press on to maturity,independent — the inference from 5:11–14 — hortatory φερώμεθα, passive: 'let us be borne onward'
not laying again a foundationparticipial — manner — the foundation is laid once, not relaid
of repentance from dead worksphrase modifier — the catalogue opens — first of six genitives of apposition
and of faith toward God,phrase modifier — the godward pair — repentance from, faith toward
2
of teaching about baptismsphrase modifier — asyndeton — βαπτισμοί plural: washings distinguished; some take διδαχῆς as governing
and of laying on of hands,phrase modifier — the rites pair — τε binds it to the washings
of resurrection of the deadphrase modifier — the last-things pair opens
and of eternal judgment.phrase modifier — the sixth item — the catalogue's eschatological close
3
And this we will do,independent — the resolve — future ποιήσομεν followed (v.l. hortatory ποιήσωμεν)
if indeed God permits.conditional — ἐάνπερ — a backward proviso: all advance under God's leave
The impossibility of renewal — and the two soils 6:4–8
vv. 4–6 — the impossibility period: Ἀδύνατον suspended over five participles
4
For it is impossible —independent — the predicate fronted and suspended — its subject-infinitive waits until v. 6
those once enlightened,participial — first of five substantival participles — object of the delayed infinitive
who tasted the heavenly giftparticipial — second privilege — real experience, not a sip (cf. 2:9)
and became partakers of the Holy Spiritparticipial — third privilege — μέτοχοι, a Hebrews word (3:1, 14)
5
and tasted the good word of God and the powers of the age to come,participial — the second tasting — word and miracles, the future age already sampled
6
and then fell away —participial — the hinge — a fifth coordinate participle, level with the privileges, not a conditional
to renew them again to repentance,content — the long-delayed infinitive completing Ἀδύνατον (v. 4) — the period's keystone
since they crucify again for themselves the Son of Godparticipial — causal — the present tense gives the ground of the impossibility
and hold him up to public shame.participial — coordinate causal — the Son exhibited to open contempt
vv. 7–8 — the simile of the land: one rain, two yields
7
For land that drinks the rain that often falls upon itindependent — the parable grounds the warning — the subject suspended until μεταλαμβάνει
and brings forth a crop useful to thoseparticipial — the second attributive participle — the fruitful response
for whose sake it is also farmed,relative — the owners' claim — cultivation implies expected yield
receives a blessing from God;independent — the delayed predicate of γῆ above — gnomic present
8
but if it bears thorns and thistles,conditional — conditional participle — leans forward on the verdict below
it is worthless and near to a curse,independent — verbless verdict — 'near' leaves a sliver of mercy
whose end is burning.relative — on κατάρας — the somber close: the field fired (cf. Gen 3:18)
Better things — confidence and diligence 6:9–12
9
But concerning you, beloved, we are persuaded of better things — things belonging to salvation —independent — the turn of tone — intensive perfect; the only ἀγαπητοί in Hebrews
even though we speak in this way.conditional — concessive εἰ καί — the sternness conceded, not retracted
10
For God is not unjustcause — the ground of the confidence — litotes: he surely remembers
so as to forget your work and the lovecontent — epexegetic infinitive — 'not so unjust as to forget'
which you showed toward his name,relative — ἧς attracted to the case of its antecedent ἀγάπης
in having served the saints — and serving them still.participial — means — aorist and present paired: past and continuing service
11
But we longindependent — from commendation to yearning
for each one of you to show the same diligence toward the full assurance of hope until the end,content — acc. + inf. — ἕκαστον singles out every member; the same σπουδή as v. 10's love
12
so that you may not become sluggish,purpose — νωθροί picks up 5:11 — the relapse to be avoided
but imitators of those who through faith and patience inherit the promises.purpose — the positive limb — γένησθε supplied; faith-and-patience introduces Abraham
God's oath to Abraham 6:13–18
vv. 13–15 — the oath sworn and the promise obtained
13
For God, when he made the promise to Abraham,independent — suspended — subject and temporal participle await ὤμοσεν below
since he had no one greater to swear by,cause — ἐπεί — the reason for the self-oath; grounds ὤμοσεν below
swore by himself,independent — the resolution — Gen 22:16, 'By myself I have sworn'
14
saying:participial — the citation formula — one word carries the oath
'Surely, blessing I will bless you,content — Gen 22:17 (LXX) — εἰ μήν the oath formula; cognate participle for the Hebrew infinitive absolute
and multiplying I will multiply you.'content — Gen 22:17 — the second doubled pledge
15
And so, having patiently endured, he obtained the promise.independent — the pattern proved — μακροθυμήσας echoes v. 12's μακροθυμία
vv. 16–18 — from human oaths to the two unchangeable things
16
For people swear by the one greater than themselves,independent — the general principle — gnomic present; grounds the a fortiori of v. 17
and for them the oath is an end of all dispute, for confirmation;independent — verbless — the oath the final word in court
17
In this matter God, wishing all the moreindependent — ἐν ᾧ — 'in which practice'; the subject suspended until ἐμεσίτευσεν
to show the heirs of the promise the unchangeableness of his purpose,content — complementary infinitive — the oath's pastoral aim
guaranteed it with an oath,independent — μεσιτεύω (NT hapax) — God went surety for his own word
18
so that through two unchangeable things —purpose — the purpose — the promise (v. 13) and the oath (v. 17)
in which it is impossible for God to lie —relative — the chapter's second 'impossible' (cf. v. 4) — this one all comfort
we who have fled for refuge might have strong encouragementpurpose — the ἵνα clause resumed — believers pictured as refugees
to seize the hope set before us;purpose — purpose infinitive of the flight — lay firm hold of the hope
The anchor within the veil 6:19–20
19
This hope we have as an anchor of the soul, both sure and steadfast,independent — connective relative — ἥν resumes τῆς ἐλπίδος (v. 18); functionally a fresh sentence
and entering into the inner place behind the curtain,participial — the reversal — an anchor that holds not downward but within the veil
20
where Jesus has entered as forerunner on our behalf,relative — ὅπου — πρόδρομος (NT hapax): he enters so that others may follow
having become high priest forever according to the order of Melchizedek.participial — Ps 110:4 resumed (5:10) — the bridge into ch. 7
Analysis. Hebrews 6 shows its architecture in two suspended sentences, and the layout makes both hang visibly. In vv. 1–3 the one hortatory main line (Διὸ ἀφέντες … φερώμεθα) carries the negated participle μὴ πάλιν θεμέλιον καταβαλλόμενοι, and under θεμέλιον the six-item foundation catalogue descends as a column of verbless genitives — a catechism in outline (διδαχῆς is rendered as 'teaching about baptisms', though the column keeps the six items level and lets the construal stay open). In vv. 4–6 the fronted predicate Ἀδύνατον γάρ stands alone on a dashed line while five aorist participles stack beneath it at a single depth — enlightened, tasted, became partakers, tasted again, and fell away — before the long-delayed infinitive πάλιν ἀνακαινίζειν εἰς μετάνοιαν at last completes it; the two present participles then hang from the infinitive as its ground. The layout thereby takes a side on the chapter's great crux: παραπεσόντας sits level with its four fellows, a fifth coordinate description of the same people, not a conditional protasis ('if they fall away') — the apostasy is narrated in the same breath as the privileges, which is precisely its sting; ἀνασταυροῦντας and παραδειγματίζοντας are read as causal, and Ἀδύνατον keeps its full absolute scope, with no softening 'impossible for man' supplied. The γῆ-simile (vv. 7–8) replays the warning at ground level, its thorn-bearing participle leaning forward, protasis-like, on the verbless verdict ἀδόκιμος καὶ κατάρας ἐγγύς. The consolation (vv. 9–12) and the oath argument (vv. 13–18) mirror the warning's shape: twice more a subject hangs over its distant verb (ἐπαγγειλάμενος ὁ θεός … ὤμοσεν; βουλόμενος ὁ θεὸς … ἐμεσίτευσεν), the Gen 22:17 oath descends as a two-line citation under the single word λέγων, and the ἵνα of v. 18 steps down to the refugees seizing the hope set before them. The close (vv. 19–20) picks that hope up with a connective relative (ἥν — functionally a fresh sentence, since its antecedent stands in the previous section) and follows it line by line through the veil to the forerunner Ἰησοῦς and the order of Μελχισέδεκ. Verse 3 follows the future ποιήσομεν ('we will do'), as the data file's text does, rather than the hortatory variant.