Luke 4 — Clausal Layout (Greek)

independentparticipialrelativepurposecausecontentconditionalphrase modifierdashed = verbless / suspended

Flush-left = a main (independent) clause. Each dependent line begins directly beneath the word it attaches to in the line above — the anchor word is dotted-underlined, and lights up when you hover its dependent clause; each tag also names the attachment. A dashed border marks verbless, elliptical, or suspended lines. Where a long sentence's staircase runs wider than the page, the diagram scrolls sideways. (In print, or without JavaScript, lines fall back to stepped indent columns.)

The temptation in the wilderness 4:1–13

vv. 1–2 — led in the Spirit; the forty-day fast

Ἰησοῦς δὲ πλήρης πνεύματος ἁγίου ὑπέστρεψεν ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἰορδάνουindependent — πλήρης πνεύματος — the Spirit of the baptism (3:22) fills him before the contest

καὶ ἤγετο ἐν τῷ πνεύματι ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳindependent — durative imperfect — a continuous leading; ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ read (not εἰς τὴν ἔρημον), gentler than Mark's ἐκβάλλει

ἡμέρας τεσσεράκοντα πειραζόμενος ὑπὸ τοῦ διαβόλου.participial — present participle — the testing runs through all forty days, not only at their end; Israel's years compressed

καὶ οὐκ ἔφαγεν οὐδὲν ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ἐκείναις,independent — the total fast — emphatic double negative οὐκ … οὐδέν

καὶ συντελεσθεισῶν αὐτῶνparticipial — genitive absolute — forward-leaning; συντελέω returns at v. 13 of the tempter

ἐπείνασεν.independent — ingressive aorist — the hunger, the hook for the first test

vv. 3–4 — stone to bread: answered from Deuteronomy 8:3

εἶπεν δὲ αὐτῷ ὁ διάβολος·independent — the first assault — the speech-frame

Εἰ υἱὸς εἶ τοῦ θεοῦ,conditional — protasis inside speech — first-class condition pressing the voice of 3:22: 'since you are'

εἰπὲ τῷ λίθῳ τούτῳcontent — the apodosis — Luke's singular stone where Matthew has stones

ἵνα γένηται ἄρτος.content — ἵνα of content, not purpose — sonship urged into self-serving fiat

καὶ ἀπεκρίθη πρὸς αὐτὸν ὁ Ἰησοῦς·independent — the reply-frame — Jesus' answers in this contest are Scripture only

Γέγραπται ὅτιcontent — the intensive perfect of Scripture's standing authority, with recitative ὅτι

Οὐκ ἐπ’ ἄρτῳ μόνῳ ζήσεται ὁ ἄνθρωπος.content — Deut 8:3 — the wilderness lesson; Luke's shorter text, without the Matthean 'but by every word of God'

vv. 5–8 — the kingdoms in a moment: answered from Deuteronomy 6:13

Καὶ ἀναγαγὼν αὐτὸνparticipial — preposed circumstantial — leans on ἔδειξεν; Luke omits Matthew's 'high mountain,' the elevation left vague

ἔδειξεν αὐτῷ πάσας τὰς βασιλείας τῆς οἰκουμένης ἐν στιγμῇ χρόνου·independent — στιγμῇ χρόνου (NT hapax) — an instantaneous vision; οἰκουμένη, the Roman imperial word

καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ ὁ διάβολος·independent — the speech-frame for the naked offer

Σοὶ δώσω τὴν ἐξουσίαν ταύτην ἅπασαν καὶ τὴν δόξαν αὐτῶν,content — fronted emphatic Σοί — the bribe placed first; world-rule offered apart from the cross

ὅτι ἐμοὶ παραδέδοταιcause — the devil's boast — the perfect παραδέδοται with its agent unnamed, the claim left unadjudicated

καὶ ᾧ ἐὰν θέλω δίδωμι αὐτήν·cause — coordinate ground — the indefinite relative ᾧ ἐάν, the habitual disposal he claims

σὺ οὖν ἐὰν προσκυνήσῃς ἐνώπιον ἐμοῦ,conditional — protasis inside speech, leaning forward — the price named: προσκυνέω, the homage owed God alone; ἐνώπιον a Lukan favorite

ἔσται σοῦ πᾶσα.content — the apodosis-promise — the whole transaction inverts the first commandment

καὶ ἀποκριθεὶςparticipial — preposed pleonastic speech-participle — the Semitic 'answered and said' idiom

ὁ Ἰησοῦς εἶπεν αὐτῷ·independent — the reply-frame; the Byzantine 'get behind me, Satan' is a harmonization to Matt 4:10, omitted

Γέγραπται·content — the refrain — Scripture against the usurper's bid

Κύριον τὸν θεόν σου προσκυνήσειςcontent — Deut 6:13 — Κύριον emphatically fronted; the devil's own verb προσκυνέω turned against him

καὶ αὐτῷ μόνῳ λατρεύσεις.content — μόνῳ — the exclusivity that ends the negotiation; imperatival futures (LXX idiom)

vv. 9–12 — the pinnacle at Jerusalem, Luke's climax: Psalm 91 misused, answered from Deuteronomy 6:16

Ἤγαγεν δὲ αὐτὸν εἰς Ἰερουσαλὴμindependent — Luke's order climaxes here — Ἰερουσαλήμ, the Semitic form, the city of destiny where the Gospel will end

καὶ ἔστησεν ἐπὶ τὸ πτερύγιον τοῦ ἱεροῦ,independent — πτερύγιον — the 'little wing,' the temple's highest point; the stage for the spectacle

καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ·independent — the third assault — the speech-frame

Εἰ υἱὸς εἶ τοῦ θεοῦ,conditional — the protasis repeated verbatim from v. 3 — the same lever, leaning forward on βάλε

βάλε σεαυτὸν ἐντεῦθεν κάτω·content — the apodosis-dare — a self-endangering display to extort God's rescue

γέγραπται γὰρ ὅτιcause — the devil parrots Jesus' own formula — γάρ grounds the dare in misread Scripture; recitative ὅτι

Τοῖς ἀγγέλοις αὐτοῦ ἐντελεῖται περὶ σοῦcontent — Ps 91:11 — with 'in all your ways' silently dropped: protection for the pilgrim, not the leaper

τοῦ διαφυλάξαι σε,purpose — genitive articular infinitive of purpose — Luke's plus over Matthew's citation

καὶ ὅτι Ἐπὶ χειρῶν ἀροῦσίν σεcontent — Ps 91:12 — the second colon of the catena, a second recitative ὅτι

μήποτε προσκόψῃς πρὸς λίθον τὸν πόδα σου.purpose — μήποτε — negative purpose inside the citation; the layout's deepest point, Scripture inside Scripture

καὶ ἀποκριθεὶςparticipial — the pleonastic speech-participle again — leans on εἶπεν

εἶπεν αὐτῷ ὁ Ἰησοῦς ὅτιindependent — the reply-frame with recitative ὅτι

Εἴρηται·content — Εἴρηται — Luke's variation on γέγραπται, the same intensive perfect of standing authority

Οὐκ ἐκπειράσεις κύριον τὸν θεόν σου.content — Deut 6:16 (Massah) — ἐκπειράζω, the intensive of the devil's own πειράζω (v. 2); to demand proof is to distrust

v. 13 — the devil departs, until a καιρός

Καὶ συντελέσας πάντα πειρασμὸνparticipial — preposed aorist participle — συντελέω echoes v. 2: the days completed, now the testing

ὁ διάβολος ἀπέστη ἀπ’ αὐτοῦ ἄχρι καιροῦ.independent — ἄχρι καιροῦ — ominously open-ended: the contest resumes when Satan enters Judas (22:3, 53)

Return in the Spirit's power — the rejection at Nazareth 4:14–30

vv. 14–15 — the Galilean ministry opens: fame and synagogue teaching

Καὶ ὑπέστρεψεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἐν τῇ δυνάμει τοῦ πνεύματος εἰς τὴν Γαλιλαίαν.independent — the Spirit-tested one now ministers ἐν τῇ δυνάμει τοῦ πνεύματος — the frame for all that follows

καὶ φήμη ἐξῆλθεν καθ’ ὅλης τῆς περιχώρου περὶ αὐτοῦ.independent — the fame-motif — echoed at v. 37 (cf. Mark 1:28)

καὶ αὐτὸς ἐδίδασκεν ἐν ταῖς συναγωγαῖς αὐτῶν,independent — customary imperfect with Luke's emphatic αὐτός — the habitual synagogue teaching

δοξαζόμενος ὑπὸ πάντων.participial — the universal acclaim — the deliberate foil for Nazareth's rage (v. 28)

vv. 16–21 — the scroll of Isaiah: today fulfilled

Καὶ ἦλθεν εἰς Ναζαρά,independent — the programmatic scene opens — Ναζαρά, the older spelling

οὗ ἦν τεθραμμένος,relative — relative adverb οὗ with periphrastic pluperfect — the hometown named as such

καὶ εἰσῆλθεν κατὰ τὸ εἰωθὸς αὐτῷ ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῶν σαββάτων εἰς τὴν συναγωγήν,independent — κατὰ τὸ εἰωθός — Jesus' habitual Sabbath observance noted

καὶ ἀνέστη ἀναγνῶναι.independent — one stood to read Scripture — the purpose infinitive compressed

καὶ ἐπεδόθη αὐτῷ βιβλίον τοῦ προφήτου Ἠσαΐου,independent — the scroll handed over — Isaiah, the Gospel's programmatic prophet

καὶ ἀναπτύξας τὸ βιβλίονparticipial — preposed aorist participle — leans on εὗρεν

εὗρεν τὸν τόπονindependent — εὗρεν — the passage presented as deliberately chosen

οὗ ἦν γεγραμμένον·relative — periphrastic pluperfect — the frame from which the whole manifesto hangs

Πνεῦμα κυρίου ἐπ’ ἐμέ,content — Isa 61:1 — verbless head of the manifesto; the Spirit of vv. 1, 14 declared from Scripture

οὗ εἵνεκεν ἔχρισέν μεcause — οὗ εἵνεκεν — the anointing grounds the Spirit's presence; χρίω, the verb behind Χριστός

εὐαγγελίσασθαι πτωχοῖς,purpose — the anointing's purpose — πτωχοί, Luke's first-named recipients of the kingdom

ἀπέσταλκέν μεcontent — asyndetic parallel colon — the perfect ἀπέσταλκεν, an abiding commission (echoed at v. 43)

κηρύξαι αἰχμαλώτοις ἄφεσιν καὶ τυφλοῖς ἀνάβλεψιν,purpose — ἄφεσις — the jubilee keyword, release and (in Luke) forgiveness; the Byzantine 'heal the brokenhearted' is not printed

ἀποστεῖλαι τεθραυσμένους ἐν ἀφέσει,purpose — Isa 58:6 — a clause spliced into the 61:1 catena; ἄφεσις repeated, framing the mission

κηρύξαι ἐνιαυτὸν κυρίου δεκτόν.purpose — Isa 61:2a — the jubilee of Lev 25; the reading stops before the 'day of vengeance'; δεκτόν returns at v. 24

καὶ πτύξας τὸ βιβλίονparticipial — preposed aorist participle — leans on ἐκάθισεν

ἀποδοὺς τῷ ὑπηρέτῃparticipial — second preposed participle — the ὑπηρέτης, the synagogue ḥazzān

ἐκάθισεν·independent — the seated posture of authoritative teaching — the hush before 'today'

καὶ πάντων οἱ ὀφθαλμοὶ ἐν τῇ συναγωγῇ ἦσαν ἀτενίζοντες αὐτῷ.independent — periphrastic imperfect — ἀτενίζω, the Lukan gaze-verb; the tableau

ἤρξατο δὲ λέγειν πρὸς αὐτοὺς ὅτιindependent — Lukan ἤρξατο with recitative ὅτι — the sermon reduced to its thunderbolt

Σήμερον πεπλήρωται ἡ γραφὴ αὕτη ἐν τοῖς ὠσὶν ὑμῶν.content — fronted Σήμερον — the great Lukan 'today' (2:11; 19:9; 23:43); intensive perfect πεπλήρωται, an accomplished and standing fulfillment

vv. 22–27 — marvel turns to offense: the proverb and the two precedents

Καὶ πάντες ἐμαρτύρουν αὐτῷindependent — iterative imperfect — the favorable murmur

καὶ ἐθαύμαζον ἐπὶ τοῖς λόγοις τῆς χάριτος τοῖς ἐκπορευομένοις ἐκ τοῦ στόματος αὐτοῦ,independent — λόγοι τῆς χάριτος — attributive genitive of quality: gracious, winsome speech

καὶ ἔλεγον·independent — the third imperfect — admiration already shading toward skepticism

Οὐχὶ υἱός ἐστιν Ἰωσὴφ οὗτος;content — οὐχί expects 'yes' — the familiarity that breeds the coming offense

καὶ εἶπεν πρὸς αὐτούς·independent — Jesus pre-empts them — the speech-frame

Πάντως ἐρεῖτέ μοι τὴν παραβολὴν ταύτην·content — πάντως — the demand foretold before it is voiced

Ἰατρέ, θεράπευσον σεαυτόν·content — the proverb — quotation inside quotation; benefit your own before others

ὅσα ἠκούσαμεν γενόμενα εἰς τὴν Καφαρναοὺμ ποίησον καὶ ὧδε ἐν τῇ πατρίδι σου.content — the anticipated demand, still in their mouth — fronted ὅσα; Capernaum's signs claimed by right of πατρίς

εἶπεν δέ·independent — a fresh speech-frame — the answer to the unspoken demand

Ἀμὴν λέγω ὑμῖνcontent — the solemn amen-formula — Jesus' characteristic seal of authority

ὅτι οὐδεὶς προφήτης δεκτός ἐστιν ἐν τῇ πατρίδι αὐτοῦ.content — δεκτός deliberately echoes the 'acceptable year' (v. 19) — the town owed the jubilee rejects its herald

ἐπ’ ἀληθείας δὲ λέγω ὑμῖν,content — the second asseveration — the frame for the two precedents

πολλαὶ χῆραι ἦσαν ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις Ἠλίου ἐν τῷ Ἰσραήλ,content — 1 Kgs 17 — the first precedent; the widow, Luke's archetypal poor

ὅτε ἐκλείσθη ὁ οὐρανὸς ἐπὶ ἔτη τρία καὶ μῆνας ἕξ,conditional — temporal ὅτε (typed cnd; no temporal key) — divine passive; the schematic 3½ years (Jas 5:17; Rev 11)

ὡς ἐγένετο λιμὸς μέγας ἐπὶ πᾶσαν τὴν γῆν,conditional — temporal ὡς (typed cnd) — the drought's consequence, nested inside the ὅτε clause

καὶ πρὸς οὐδεμίαν αὐτῶν ἐπέμφθη Ἠλίαςcontent — the pointed negative — divine passive ἐπέμφθη: God directed the sending

εἰ μὴ εἰς Σάρεπτα τῆς Σιδωνίας πρὸς γυναῖκα χήραν.phrase modifier — exceptive εἰ μή, elliptical — grace crosses the boundary to a Gentile of Sidon (1 Kgs 17:9)

καὶ πολλοὶ λεπροὶ ἦσαν ἐν τῷ Ἰσραὴλ ἐπὶ Ἐλισαίου τοῦ προφήτου,content — 2 Kgs 5 — the parallel Elisha precedent, same shape as v. 25

καὶ οὐδεὶς αὐτῶν ἐκαθαρίσθηcontent — the pointed negative repeated — καθαρίζω, the cultic word for leprosy

εἰ μὴ Ναιμὰν ὁ Σύρος.phrase modifier — the second exceptive εἰ μή — again the foreigner, not the insiders, receives grace

vv. 28–30 — the cliff, and the passing through

καὶ ἐπλήσθησαν πάντες θυμοῦ ἐν τῇ συναγωγῇindependent — ingressive aorist — the acclaim of v. 22 turns to fury at grace beyond Israel

ἀκούοντες ταῦτα,participial — causal-temporal participle — the precedents themselves are the offense

καὶ ἀναστάντεςparticipial — preposed aorist participle — leans on ἐξέβαλον; the congregation becomes a mob

ἐξέβαλον αὐτὸν ἔξω τῆς πόλεως,independent — ἐκβάλλω — the expulsion; outside the city, as at the end (cf. Heb 13:12)

καὶ ἤγαγον αὐτὸν ἕως ὀφρύος τοῦ ὄρουςindependent — ὀφρύς (NT hapax) — the 'eyebrow' of the hill, the cliff's edge

ἐφ’ οὗ ἡ πόλις ᾠκοδόμητο αὐτῶν,relative — pluperfect ᾠκοδόμητο — the topographical aside

ὥστε κατακρημνίσαι αὐτόν·purpose — ὥστε + infinitive — intended result (typed pur): κατακρημνίζω (NT hapax), the attempted lynching foreshadowing the cross

αὐτὸς δὲ διελθὼν διὰ μέσου αὐτῶνparticipial — preposed participle with emphatic αὐτός — the unexplained, sovereign escape

ἐπορεύετο.independent — one imperfect verb — he simply walks on; his hour is not yet (cf. John 8:59)

Authority in Capernaum — the unclean spirit 4:31–37

vv. 31–32 — Sabbath teaching with authority

Καὶ κατῆλθεν εἰς Καφαρναοὺμ πόλιν τῆς Γαλιλαίας.independent — κατῆλθεν — geographically exact: Capernaum lies below the Nazareth hills; the town whose signs Nazareth envied (v. 23)

καὶ ἦν διδάσκων αὐτοὺς ἐν τοῖς σάββασιν·independent — periphrastic imperfect — the customary teaching (cf. Mark 1:21)

καὶ ἐξεπλήσσοντο ἐπὶ τῇ διδαχῇ αὐτοῦ,independent — iterative imperfect — the ongoing amazement

ὅτι ἐν ἐξουσίᾳ ἦν ὁ λόγος αὐτοῦ.cause — ἐξουσία — the keyword; Luke names the λόγος where Mark contrasts the scribes

vv. 33–37 — the unclean demon expelled

καὶ ἐν τῇ συναγωγῇ ἦν ἄνθρωπος ἔχων πνεῦμα δαιμονίου ἀκαθάρτου,independent — the unclean inside the holy assembly — Luke's double genitive 'spirit of an unclean demon'

καὶ ἀνέκραξεν φωνῇ μεγάλῃ·independent — the shriek — the spirit speaks through the man

Ἔα, τί ἡμῖν καὶ σοί, Ἰησοῦ Ναζαρηνέ;content — Ἔα, the cry of alarm + the verbless idiom (cf. 1 Kgs 17:18) — the plural ἡμῖν: the demonic order speaks

ἦλθες ἀπολέσαι ἡμᾶς;content — question or dread assertion — the demons read the arrival rightly

οἶδά σε τίς εἶ, ὁ ἅγιος τοῦ θεοῦ.content — prolepsis (σε drawn forward) — ὁ ἅγιος, the antithesis of the ἀκάθαρτον, confessed before the crowd sees

καὶ ἐπετίμησεν αὐτῷ ὁ Ἰησοῦς λέγων·independent — ἐπιτιμάω — the rebuke-verb of exorcism, reused on the fever (v. 39) and the demons (v. 41)

Φιμώθητιcontent — the blunt muzzle-word — the silencing of demonic testimony begins

καὶ ἔξελθε ἀπ’ αὐτοῦ.content — the expulsion command — no formula, no invocation, bare authority

καὶ ῥῖψαν αὐτὸν τὸ δαιμόνιον εἰς τὸ μέσονparticipial — preposed aorist participle — the last violent convulsion before the verb strikes

ἐξῆλθεν ἀπ’ αὐτοῦindependent — the command obeyed verbatim

μηδὲν βλάψαν αὐτόν.participial — the physician's note, only Luke — the man left unhurt

καὶ ἐγένετο θάμβος ἐπὶ πάντας,independent — θάμβος — awe as an arriving force, the Lukan ἐγένετο idiom

καὶ συνελάλουν πρὸς ἀλλήλους λέγοντες·independent — iterative imperfect + pleonastic λέγοντες — the buzzing debate

Τίς ὁ λόγος οὗτος,content — verbless question — the λόγος of v. 32 now confirmed by deed

ὅτι ἐν ἐξουσίᾳ καὶ δυνάμει ἐπιτάσσει τοῖς ἀκαθάρτοις πνεύμασιν,cause — ἐξουσία καὶ δύναμις — authority joined to effective power, Luke's pair from v. 14

καὶ ἐξέρχονται;cause — the coordinate verdict — obedience, gnomic present

καὶ ἐξεπορεύετο ἦχος περὶ αὐτοῦ εἰς πάντα τόπον τῆς περιχώρου.independent — durative imperfect — ἦχος, the echoing report; the fame-motif of v. 14 closes the scene

Simon's house — the evening healings 4:38–41

vv. 38–39 — the fever rebuked

Ἀναστὰς δὲ ἀπὸ τῆς συναγωγῆςparticipial — preposed circumstantial — leans on εἰσῆλθεν; the sabbath day continues

εἰσῆλθεν εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν Σίμωνος.independent — Simon appears before his call (5:1–11) — Luke's narrative order

πενθερὰ δὲ τοῦ Σίμωνος ἦν συνεχομένη πυρετῷ μεγάλῳ,independent — periphrastic imperfect — συνέχω and πυρετὸς μέγας, the physician's clinical precision

καὶ ἠρώτησαν αὐτὸν περὶ αὐτῆς.independent — the household's intercession

καὶ ἐπιστὰς ἐπάνω αὐτῆςparticipial — preposed circumstantial — leans on ἐπετίμησεν

ἐπετίμησεν τῷ πυρετῷ,independent — the exorcism-verb of v. 35 turned on a disease — the fever treated as a hostile power

καὶ ἀφῆκεν αὐτήν·independent — the fever as agent — it releases her like the demon

παραχρῆμα δὲ ἀναστᾶσαparticipial — preposed aorist participle — παραχρῆμα, the Lukan 'instantly' sealing the cure; leans on διηκόνει

διηκόνει αὐτοῖς.independent — inceptive imperfect — full restoration proved in service

vv. 40–41 — sunset: the sick brought, the demons silenced

Δύνοντος δὲ τοῦ ἡλίουparticipial — genitive absolute — forward-leaning; the sabbath ends, the sick may be carried

ἅπαντες ὅσοι εἶχον ἀσθενοῦντας νόσοις ποικίλαις ἤγαγον αὐτοὺς πρὸς αὐτόν·independent — ἅπαντες ὅσοι — the internal relative kept in one line; the whole town's afflicted

ὁ δὲ ἑνὶ ἑκάστῳ αὐτῶν τὰς χεῖρας ἐπιτιθεὶςparticipial — preposed participle of means — ἑνὶ ἑκάστῳ, the distributive touch, only Luke; leans on ἐθεράπευεν

ἐθεράπευεν αὐτούς.independent — iterative imperfect — one after another through the evening

ἐξήρχετο δὲ καὶ δαιμόνια ἀπὸ πολλῶν,independent — iterative imperfect — the evening's second column of works

κραυγάζοντα καὶ λέγοντα ὅτιparticipial — the double speech-participle with recitative ὅτι

Σὺ εἶ ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ θεοῦ.content — the demons echo the baptismal address (3:22) and the tempter's lever (vv. 3, 9)

καὶ ἐπιτιμῶνparticipial — preposed present participle — ἐπιτιμάω a third time; leans on εἴα

οὐκ εἴα αὐτὰ λαλεῖν,independent — customary imperfect — the repeated refusal of demonic testimony

ὅτι ᾔδεισαν τὸν χριστὸν αὐτὸν εἶναι.cause — the messianic secret stated — τὸν χριστόν names what 'Son of God' meant on their lips

At daybreak — sent to the other towns 4:42–44

Γενομένης δὲ ἡμέραςparticipial — genitive absolute — forward-leaning; Mark's 'very early, still night' softened to daybreak

ἐξελθὼνparticipial — second preposed participle — the withdrawal from the acclaiming town

ἐπορεύθη εἰς ἔρημον τόπον·independent — ἔρημος again — back to the wilderness of vv. 1–2

καὶ οἱ ὄχλοι ἐπεζήτουν αὐτόν,independent — durative imperfect — ἐπιζητέω, the intensive pursuit (in Mark it is Simon who hunts)

καὶ ἦλθον ἕως αὐτοῦ,independent — the search concluded

καὶ κατεῖχον αὐτὸνindependent — conative imperfect — they kept trying to hold him back

τοῦ μὴ πορεύεσθαι ἀπ’ αὐτῶν.purpose — genitive articular infinitive of hindrance (typed pur) — Capernaum would keep him as Nazareth claimed him

ὁ δὲ εἶπεν πρὸς αὐτοὺς ὅτιindependent — the refusal — speech-frame with recitative ὅτι

Καὶ ταῖς ἑτέραις πόλεσιν εὐαγγελίσασθαί με δεῖ τὴν βασιλείαν τοῦ θεοῦ,content — the Lukan divine δεῖ — εὐαγγελίσασθαι, the Isaiah verb of v. 18; the kingdom named as the gospel's content

ὅτι ἐπὶ τοῦτο ἀπεστάλην.cause — divine passive ἀπεστάλην — the ἀπέσταλκέν με of the scroll (v. 18) claimed in his own voice

καὶ ἦν κηρύσσων εἰς τὰς συναγωγὰς τῆς Ἰουδαίας.independent — periphrastic imperfect — τῆς Ἰουδαίας, the harder reading kept (Byzantine smooths to 'Galilee'); Judea broadly the whole Jewish land

Analysis. Luke 4 alternates dialogue and narrative column. In the temptation (vv. 1–13) the shape is Matthew's with Luke's order — bread, kingdoms, and only then the temple pinnacle, the Lukan climax at Jerusalem: the two Εἰ υἱὸς εἶ τοῦ θεοῦ protases lean forward, anchor-less, one step deeper than the apodoses they press (the baptismal voice of 3:22 turned into a lever), and the devil's own condition σὺ οὖν ἐὰν προσκυνήσῃς leans the same way on its promised ἔσται σοῦ πᾶσα. Jesus' three answers are all Deuteronomy (8:3; 6:13; 6:16), hanging blue as content beneath Γέγραπται — and, in Luke's variation, beneath Εἴρηται — while the devil's one counter-citation (Ps 91:11–12, its 'in all your ways' silently dropped) sits at the layout's deepest point beneath his parroted γέγραπται γάρ. Luke's shorter v. 4 stands without the Matthean continuation 'but by every word of God.' At Nazareth (vv. 16–30), THE programmatic scene, the Isa 61:1–2 manifesto (with a clause of Isa 58:6) hangs as a catena beneath ἦν γεγραμμένον — the verbless Πνεῦμα κυρίου ἐπ' ἐμέ at its head, the mission infinitives fanned beneath ἔχρισεν and ἀπέσταλκεν — and stops before Isaiah's day of vengeance; Σήμερον πεπλήρωται hangs alone under λέγειν; the ἰατρέ proverb and the anticipated Capernaum demand are quotation inside quotation, under παραβολήν and ἐρεῖτε within Jesus' own speech; the Elijah/Elisha precedents run as a catena under ἐπ' ἀληθείας δὲ λέγω ὑμῖν, their exceptive εἰ μή lines dashed and verbless — and δεκτός (v. 24) answers the δεκτόν of the jubilee year (v. 19), the wordplay the tags flag. Capernaum (vv. 31–37, the Mark 1 parallel) and the healings (vv. 38–41) revert to the flat narrative column, Luke's preposed participles and genitive absolutes (Ἀναστάς, Δύνοντος τοῦ ἡλίου, Γενομένης ἡμέρας) leaning forward anchor-less on the verbs below, the demon's and demons' confessions hanging under their verbs of crying, and ἐπιτιμάω mastering demon and fever alike. Cruxes the layout inherits rather than resolves: ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ (not εἰς τὴν ἔρημον) at v. 1; the Byzantine harmonizations at vv. 5, 8, and 18 excluded; ὅτι ἐμοὶ παραδέδοται, the devil's boast, glossed but not adjudicated; and at v. 44 τῆς Ἰουδαίας, the harder reading, kept where the Byzantine text smooths to 'Galilee.'